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BOOK OF ROMANS            
(Brief Study on the New Testament Books) 
(MBC - Wednesday PM, May 28, 2024   
            
The New Testament composed of 27 books and most of these books are letters and sometimes called epistles.
Like for example, Paul wrote the book of Romans, it was a letter addressed to the believers living in the city of Rome.
     Did you write a long letter, like the book of Romans that Paul has written? But there were also letters that are short in length found in the New Testament, some of those examples were the second and third John.  
I – COMPARISON BETWEEN THE GOSPELS AND THE EPISTLES 
     1. Since we learn In the Gospels that Christ died, we also learn in the New Testament letters why Christ died.
II Corinthians 5:21 “For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.”
I Peter 3:18 “For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh, but quickened by the Spirit:”
     2. In the Gospels I have learned that Christ rose again from the dead, but in letters I have learned to understand how the resurrection of Christ can change my life.
Romans 6:4,5,9,10,11 “Therefore we are buried with him by baptism into death: that like as Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life. 5   .  For if we have been planted together in the likeness of his death, we shall be also in the likeness of his resurrection: 9 Knowing that Christ being raised from the dead dieth no more; death hath no more dominion over him. 10 For in that he died, he died unto sin once: but in that he liveth, he liveth unto God.  11 Likewise reckon ye also yourselves to be dead indeed unto sin, but alive unto God through Jesus Christ our Lord." 
II Corinthians 5:15 “And that he died for all, that they which live should not henceforth live unto themselves, but unto him which died for them, and rose again.”
     3. The letters or epistles help me to understand what the Lord Jesus is doing in heaven for me today.
Romans 8:34 “Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us.”
(entire book of Hebrews).
     4. In the God Gospels provide to us the truth about death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, while in the letters or epistles explain to us about that truth of the death and resurrection of Christ. 
     
II – REASONS WHY PAUL WROTE THE BOOK OF ROMANS
     Who wrote the book of Romans? ____________ (Romans 1:1)
Romans 1:1 “Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God,”
     It was about 56 A.D. when Paul was in the city of Corinth when he wrote the book of Romans.
Paul was praying that God would help him to possibly to visit the city of Rome and have fellowship with believers who live in Rome.
Romans 1:10-12 Making request, if by any means now at length I might have a prosperous journey by the will of God to come unto you. 11 For I long to see you, that I may impart unto you some spiritual gift, to the end ye may be established; 12 That is, that I may be comforted together with you by the mutual faith both of you and me.”
     The capital city of the Roman Empire is Rome. Paul speaks what the book of Roman is all about in the opening verse of his epistle to the Romans (Romans 1:1) Put the missing words to complete the verse and learn what the book is all about.
Romans 1:1 “Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the ________ of ___________,”
     The word “gospel” (in Greek “evangelion”, literally means good news. The noun evaggelion and the verb “evaggelizo/evangelize” are derived from eu meaning “well” and aggello which meant “to bear a message, bring tidings or new, proclaim.” Thus euaggelizomai means “to bring a message of good news” and the noun “evaggelion” is the good news that was proclaimed. Paul wanted to send a letter which would explain that the good news of salvation is all about to these believers in Rome before he ever arrived at the city of Rome.
     When we study the book of Romans, we will learn that a man can be right with God. Paul gives us the reason why he was not ashamed of this good news. Please put the missing words to know why Paul was not ashamed of the gospel.
Romans 1:16 “For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is the power of God unto __________ to every one that b____________; to the Jew first, and also to the Greek.”
     The word “ashamed” in Greek “epaischunomai” which is associated with being afraid, feeling shame which prevents one from doing something, a reluctance to say or do something because of fear of humiliation, experiencing a lack of courage to stand up for something or feeling because of what has been done.    
     Paul was not ashamed of the gospel in spite the gospel had indeed created many "scandals" for Paul - Paul had been imprisoned in Philippi (Acts 16:23, 24),  chased out of Thessalonica (Acts 17:1-9), smuggled out of Damascus and Berea (Acts 17:10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15), laughed at in Athens (Acts 17:32), regarded as a fool in Corinth (I Corinthians 1:18 23), and declared a blasphemer and lawbreaker in Jerusalem, stoned and left for dead at Lystra in Galatia (Acts 14:19), but Paul remained eager to preach the Gospel in Rome—the seat of contemporary political power and pagan religion. Some Pagans of Paul’s day branded Christianity as atheism because it believed in only God and being cannibalistic because of a misunderstanding of the Lord’s supper. Neither ridicule, criticism, nor physical persecution could hinder Paul’s boldness (II Cor 4:5-18; 11:23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28; 12:9). Although that GOSPEL was then, and still is today, a stumbling block to Jews and foolishness to Gentiles, it is the only way God has provided for the salvation of men, and Paul was both overjoyed and emboldened by the privilege of proclaiming its truth and power wherever he went. The Gospel is God's life-giving message to a dying world, so filled Paul’s soul, that, like his blessed Master, he "despised the shame." (Hebrews 12:2)
     If you were to study the life of Paul, you would discover that he was put to death in the city of Rome because he was not afraid to preached this wonderful good news of salvation. Although the pagan’s city of Rome put Paul to death, but the letter of Paul to the Romans which tells us concerning the gospel of Christ lives on and reach more souls from generation to generation.
     We should never forget that this Romans epistle of Paul was address and sent to the believers in the city of Rome.
     Whenever we read the 66 books of the Bible which was written by the living and true God, we are reading a love letter, which was addressed to me personally and to you. It is a blessed thing to know that we have a great privilege reading the amazing love toward each everyone of us.
Romans 5:8 “But God commendeth his love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.”
Romans 8:35-39 “Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword? 36 As it is written, For thy sake we are killed all the day long; we are accounted as sheep for the slaughter. 37 Nay, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him that loved us. 38 For I am persuaded, that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to come, 39 Nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature, shall be able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.”
III – DIVISIONS IN THE BOOK OF ROMANS
Five Major Divisions in the book of Romans:
     1. All the world are guilty before God (Romans 1:18 - Romans 3:20
     2. All sinners are justified through the righteousness of God by faith on Jesus Christ (Romans 3:21- Romans 5:21).
     3. All sinners who believed in Christ have victory over sin (Romans 6:1- Romans 8:39).
     4. All about the past, present and future of Israel (Romans 9:1- Romans 11:36).
     5. All Christians have the standards for Christian Living (Romans 12:1- Romans 15:33).
Let us discuss each 5 parts of the book of Romans:

A. All the world are guilty before God (Romans 1:18-Romans 3:20)

  God is the perfect judge (representing the Father, Son, and Spirit. God the righteous judged all men in the earth. The verdict or decision of the Holy and righteous Judgement of God is that all men are guilty for all have sinned (Romans 3:23). 

     In the eyes of God the Judge, let us answer some questions based on God’s verdicts:
          1. How many people in the world are righteous? _______ (Romans 3:10)
Romans 3:10 “As it is written, There is none righteous, no, not one:”
          2. How many people are really understand and seeking God? ________ (Romans 3:11)
Romans 3:11 “There is none that understandeth, there is none that seeketh after God.”
          3. How many people are good in God’s sight? _______ (Romans 3:12)
Romans 3:12 “They are all gone out of the way, they are together become unprofitable; there is none that doeth good, no, not one.”
          4. How many people are sinners in God’s sight and come short of the glory of God? ______ (Romans 3:23)
Romans 3:23 “For all have sinned, and fall short of the glory of God;”
          5. What will be the judgement based on man's sinfulness before God? __________ (Romans 3:19)
Romans 3:19 “Now we know that what things soever the law saith, it saith to them who are under the law: that every mouth may be stopped, and all the world may become guilty before God.”
     God the perfect Judge (Father, Son and Holy Spirit) pronounced His verdict or decision, all men are guilty (Romans 3:19).
     And the penalty or punishment is that all men who are sinners in God’s sight deserve death (Romans 6:23)
Romans 6:23 “For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.”
     Read Romans 1:29-31 to see the sinfulness of men.
Romans 1:29-31 “Being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, debate, deceit, malignity; whisperers, 30 Backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents, 31 Without understanding, covenantbreakers, without natural affection, implacable, unmerciful:”
Then answer the missing words in Romans 1:32
Romans 1:32 “Who knowing the ___________ of God, that they which commit such things are worthy of _______, not only do the same, but have pleasure in them that do them.”
Are you guilty of any of sins referred in Romans 1:29-31? _________
If you are guilty, then are you worthy of death punishment? _______ (Romans 1:32)
     What the ungodly and unrighteous person deserves for:
     1. Romans 1:18 – the _______ of God.
     2. Romans 1:32 – the _______ of God.
     Romans 1:18 “For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who hold the truth in unrighteousness;”
Romans 1:32 “Who knowing the judgment of God, that they which commit such things are worthy of death, not only do the same, but have pleasure in them that do them.”
Romans 2:3,5,8,9 “And thinkest thou this, O man, that judgest them which do such things, and doest the same, that thou shalt escape the judgment of God?But after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God; But unto them that are contentious, and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, indignation and wrath, Tribulation and anguish, upon every soul of man that doeth evil, of the Jew first, and also of the Gentile;”

   B. ALL SINNERS WHO BELIEVED IN CHRIST WERE JUSTIFIED BY GOD (Romans 3:21-5:21)

       As we have said, God the perfect Judge (Father, Son and Holy Spirit) pronounced His verdict or decision, all men are guilty (Romans 3:19). 
Romans 3:19 “Now we know that what things soever the law saith, it saith to them who are under the law: that every mouth may be stopped, and all the world may become guilty before God.”
     And the penalty or punishment is that all men who are sinners in God’s sight deserve death (Romans 6:23)
Romans 6:23 “For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.”
     And because of the penalty of sins, which separated sinners from God eternally, so Jesus Christ came into the world to save sinners. I Timothy 1:15.
I Timothy 1:15 “This is a faithful saying, and worthy of all acceptation, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners; of whom I am chief.”
     Jesus is willing to pay the verdict of death penalty for all sinners, so He wants to pay the death penalty for all of us sinners. He wants to die so that all of us sinners can live.
I Corinthians 15:3 “…Christ died for our sins”
     To whom Christ died for:
Romans 5:6, Christ died for the ____________
Romans 5:6 “For when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly.”
Romans 5:8, Christ died for ____________
Romans 5:8But God commendeth his love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.”
Romans 4:25, Who was delivered for _____ offences
Romans 4:25 “Who was delivered for our offences, and was raised again for our justification.”
Christ died for us ungodly, and Christ was delivered for our offences.
     God justifies the sinner who believes on the Lord Jesus Christ and did not do good works to be saved, and the believer’s faith is counted for righteousness. It is not the good works but the faith of a sinner that made him righteous in God’s sight.
Romans 4:5 “But to him that worketh not, but believeth on him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness.”
Romans 3:21-22 “But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets; 22 Even the righteousness of God which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe: for there is no difference:”
Romans 5:21 “That as sin hath reigned unto death, even so might grace reign through righteousness unto eternal life by Jesus Christ our Lord.”

     Notice the substitution between Jesus Christ and ungodly sinners. Jesus takes my place as a condemned sinner by taking my penalty and on the other hand I take His perfect righteousness.
     Jesus takes my penalty (Romans 5:6,8).
Romans 5:6,8 “For when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly. For scarcely for a righteous man will one die: yet peradventure for a good man some would even dare to die. But God commendeth his love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.”
     I take Jesus perfect righteousness (Romans 3:22; Romans 4:3,5).
Romans 3:22 “Even the righteousness of God which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe: for there is no difference:”
Romans 4:3,5 “For what saith the scripture? Abraham believed God, and it was counted unto him for righteousness. But to him that worketh not, but believeth on him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness.”
     Notice the substitution between the Savior and the Sinner. God judges His own dear Son (I Corinthians 15:3; I Peter 3:18),
I Corinthians 15:3 “Christ died for our sins.”
I Peter 3:18 “For Christ also hath once suffered for sins:”
     And God justifies the believing sinner (Romans 5:1).
Romans 5:1 “Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ:”
     Jesus offered Himself as a sacrifice to takes my death penalty as a guilty sinner and I receive the righteousness of Jesus Christ by faith.
     Do you think that it would have been possible for us to be justified, if Christ had not died on the cross? _____Romans 5:9
Romans 5:9 “Much more then, being now justified by his blood, we shall be saved from wrath through him.”
    
     But since Christ died for us sinners, that is why God is freely gracious to us and to put on our account the very righteousness of Christ.
Romans 5:6-11 “For when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly. For scarcely for a righteous man will one die: yet peradventure for a good man some would even dare to die. But God commendeth his love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. Much more then, being now justified by his blood, we shall be saved from wrath through him. 10 For if, when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, being reconciled, we shall be saved by his life. 11 And not only so, but we also joy in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom we have now received the atonement.”
     The New Verdict of God towards all the believers of Christ.
     Because we are now in Christ by faith, we are no longer guilty, condemned sinners.
Romans 8:1 “There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit.”
     The just, holy, and righteous, perfect Judge now says to the believer who are in Christ, “You are righteous in My righteousness Son, and you are no longer under condemnation.”
John 5:24 “Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that heareth my word, and believeth on him that sent me, hath everlasting life, and shall not come into condemnation; but is passed from death unto life.”
Romans 8:1 “There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit.”
     The judgment of God’s wrath came down upon Christ so that it would not have to come down upon us (Romans 8:3).
Romans 8:3 “For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned sin in the flesh:”
1. THE NEW VERDICT:  NOT GUILTY!  (Romans 3:24)
Romans 3:24 “Being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus:”
2. THE FREE GIFT:    E____________________   L__________ (Romans 6:23).
Romans 6:23 “For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.”           

C. ALL SINNERS WHO BELIEVED IN CHRIST HAVE VICTORY OVER SIN (Romans 6:1- Romans 8:39)

     1. Romans 6 – Shows us the Truth when Jesus died and risen from the dead.
Two Great facts that we must believe:
     a. “I died”
Read Romans 6 and give some verses that when Jesus died, I died too, which refers to my old sinful life. ________________
          b. “I have a new life”
     Read Romans 6 and give two verses that when Jesus Christ has risen from the dead, I share the Lord’s wonderful life. _____
     Here are some important questions that we need consider:
          1. Does water baptism picture the truth that Jesus died for our sins, buried and risen from the dead? How? _________
          2. Does Galatians 2:20 teaches the truth that Jesus died for our sins, buried and risen from the dead? How? _________
         2. Romans 7 – Shows us the Truth that believer still has a battle with sin that dwells within a Christian. ___________
Romans 7:15-20 “For that which I do I allow not: for what I would, that do I not; but what I hate, that do I. 16 If then I do that which I would not, I consent unto the law that it is good. 17 Now then it is no more I that do it, but sin that dwelleth in me. 18 For I know that in me (that is, in my flesh,) dwelleth no good thing: for to will is present with me; but how to perform that which is good I find not. 19 For the good that I would I do not: but the evil which I would not, that I do. 20 Now if I do that I would not, it is no more I that do it, but sin that dwelleth in me.”
     3. Romans 8 – Shows us Who else dwells in Christians that would help believers to have victory against sin that dwells within a Christin. Beside of sin, Who else that dwells within a Christian? _______________
 Romans 8:2-5 “For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus hath made me free from the law of sin and death. For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned sin in the flesh: That the righteousness of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit. For they that are after the flesh do mind the things of the flesh; but they that are after the Spirit the things of the Spirit. But ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of God dwell in you. Now if any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his. 10 And if Christ be in you, the body is dead because of sin; but the Spirit is life because of righteousness. 11 But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead dwell in you, he that raised up Christ from the dead shall also quicken your mortal bodies by his Spirit that dwelleth in you. 13 For if ye live after the flesh, ye shall die: but if ye through the Spirit do mortify the deeds of the body, ye shall live. 14 For as many as are led by the Spirit of God, they are the sons of God. 15 For ye have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear; but ye have received the Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father. 16 The Spirit itself beareth witness with our spirit, that we are the children of God:”
     The Holy Spirit who lives within the believers can help us to be victorious over sin.

D. ALL ABOUT THE PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE OF ISRAEL (Romans 9:1 – Romans 11:36)

     Let us learn about the Jew.
     The Apostle Paul is the writer of the letter to the Romans and writes about the good news of salvation. However, early Christians knew that most part of the Jews rejected Christ as their personal Saviour. These Jewish people did not want anything about was Paul is writing concerning the great salvation of God through Christ.
The rejection of Christ and did not anything about the Gospel by the Jews create a problem to the early Christians because they knew that the Jews were the chosen people of God. There are some questions in the mind of this early Christians, what would happen to the chosen people of God? Would God cast away the Jewish people? Since Jews rejected the Lord Jesus Christ, would God also reject these Jewish people? Please read Romans 9-11 and see all the answers of Paul to all these questions.
1. Romans 9 – The Past history of the Jews
     The Jews were the chosen people of God and as a matter of fact they were a privileged people.
Romans 9:4-5 “Who are Israelites; to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises; Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen.”
     But when Jesus Christ came into this earth, the Jews rejected Jesus Christ.
Romans 9:32 “Wherefore? Because they sought it not by faith, but as it were by the works of the law. For they stumbled at that stumblingstone;”
2. Romans 10 – The Present History of the Jews
     As God is working in the hearts people, God also still working with the chosen Jewish people today. God is calling and inviting all men to believe in thine heart on the finished redemptive work of His Son and be saved. Today, God is working to saved all men including the Jews.
Romans 10:9-13 “That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved. 10 For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation. 11 For the scripture saith, Whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed. 12 For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek: for the same Lord over all is rich unto all that call upon him. 13 For whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved.”
3. Romans 11The Future History of the Jews
     Has God cast away the Jews who were His own chosen people? _____
     God had made promises to His chosen people, will God break those promises? ______
     Give all the answer to the above questions?  ______ (Romans 11:1)
Romans 11:1 “I say then, Hath God cast away his people? God forbid. For I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin.”
     Scriptures says that God has a wonderful future covenant for His chosen nation Israel to be saved.
Romans 11:26-27 “And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob: 27 For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins.”
E. ALL ABOUT PRINCIPLES OF CHRISTIAN LIVING (Romans 12:1 – Romans 15:33)
     If anyone really got saved by grace through faith on Jesus Christ and has given that person a new life, that would make a big difference in the way that someone should live. If Christ died for that certain person, should that person live for the Lord Jesus Christ? ______ (II Corinthians 5:15 “And that he died for all, that they which live should not henceforth live unto themselves, but unto him which died for them and rose again”).
     A Jewish man who brought an animal sacrifice before the Lord in the Old Testament times, (either it is a sheep, or goat, or some other animal), that Jewish man was saying, “Lord, I am offering this animal to You completely, this sacrifice in Yours”. That sacrifice animal was put to death. In the same way what sacrifice should the believers bring before God? _____ (Romans 12:1 “I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service.”). What kind of sacrifice the believers should bring, a living sacrifice or a dead sacrifice? _____________ .
IV – EVANGELIZATION VERSES IN THE BOOK OF ROMANS
     Many used the so-called Roman Road in witnessing to others in showing them God’s good news of salvation through Christ. The book of Romans is very helpful when a Christian witness to others the Word of Truth, the gospel of salvation:
     1. Bible says all men are sinful and lost and need to be saved – Romans 3:10, Romans 3:12; Romans 3:23
     2. Bible says because of man’s sinfulness, man deserves to die – Romans 1:32; Romans 6:23a
     3. Bible says Christ died as man’s substitute and paid the death penalty for him – Romans 5:6; Romans 5:8
     4. Bible says to be saved, a person must repent from sins and put his faith in the finished redemptive work of Jesus Christ – Romans 1:16; Romans 10:9
     5. Bible says saved person (believing sinner) is justified and reserves the righteousness of Jesus Christ – Romans 3:22; Romans 4:3; Romans 4:5; Romans 10:10
     6. Bible says God gives eternal life to everyone who believes in Christ – Romans 6:23b
     In witnessing you can use these five verses to explain to others how to be a Christian:
     1. Romans 3:10 – Show them that all have sinned
     2. Romans 3:23 – Because all have sinned and come short of the glory of God
     3. Romans 6:23 (the first part) – And the wages of sin is death (eternal separation from God)
     4. Romans 10:9 – Whosoever believe that Jesus died for our sins, buried, and risen from the dead shall be saved
     5. Romans 6:23 (the last part) – Whosoever believe Jesus Christ as personal Savior will be saved and have eternal life.
Tips while using the book of Romans with your bible:
Mark your Bible to help you find these Romans Road verses. For instance: right after Romans 3:10 you can write down Romans 3:23 (small letters) this will remind you to turn to Romans 3:23 next. Then after Romans 3:23 write down Romans 6:23, and after Romans 6:23 write down Romans 10:9, etc. After you share this message with others a few times, you won’t even need these reminders. Through this tip, you will easily remember where the verses are found. The more you give verses away to others, the more those verses will stick in your memory. You have to practice this tip over and over again.